Saturday, August 13, 2011
Help please!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!?
Until the 15th century, books were not printed, but written out by hand, which meant there could only be one or maybe perhaps 2 copies. Then, in 1438, German jeweler, Johann Gutenberg invented the first printing process in Europe by which it was possible to print more than a copy of a book. First, he made movable 'type' (letters)- a series of tiny blocks, each inscribed with a single letter. To do this, Gutenberg carved the letter on a stamp ( a thin metal block). Then, he hammered this block on to a soft metal such as bronze or bras to make a mould. He filled these indentations with a mixture of tin,lead, antimony and when this mixture are cooled, the characters were ready to be separated and used more than once. From then, Gutenberg began to compose single pages, with the compositor setting the text letter by letter to make up a page of type which could be used many more times. This page of type was put into a frame or 'chase'. The chase was locked and put on the printing press, ready for the type to be coated with ink. Then, a sheet of paper would be place on top of the page of type and a cover was pulled own on top of the paper. The chase with the page of type and the paper was then wound under the press and a large, heavy bar pulled over to make the printing impression.
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